![]() ![]() ![]() The second will discuss the medical effects and treatment, concentrating on the sequelae of primary blast injury This first part of this paper will discuss the history, design, and weapons employed to deliver thermobaric munitions. They produce a much greater incidence of primary blast injury than conventional explosives and this is their main mechanism of injury Thermobaric munitions are those weapons that are designed to produce enhanced temperature and pressure compared to conventional explosives and are often referred to as fuel-air explosives (FAEs). This paper was originally written as a presentation for the Australian Military Medical Association Annual Conference in October 2001 and was displayed as a poster at the Defence Health Symposium in 2002. Damage manifests itself in the severity and onset of occurrence, depending on distance from the blast and orientation of the victim, and can be diagnosed by simple investigative techniques. Their medical effect is principally primary blast and they affect organs where there is a tissue interface of varying densities, such as the lungs, bowel and inner ear. Whilst the United States has concentrated on airborne weapons, Russia has produced thermobaric weapons and warheads, from airborne bombs to rifle grenades. Their main use initially was in airborne fuel-air explosive bombs. Thermobaric munitions are those munitions that, by design, produce more heat and overpressure than conventional explosives by exploding a vapour in the blast zone.
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